Tungsten
The main properties of tungsten:
- Tungsten has the highest melting point of all the refractory metals - 3420 ° C;
- Has a very high density (19.3 g/cm3); -hardness (HV30> 460);
- Chemical inertness: up to 400 ° C in oxygen, up to 600 ° C in hydrogen, up to 700 ° C in ammonia and up to 800 ° C in carbon monoxide;
- Creep resistance and long-term strength (significantly higher than that of molybdenum, tantalum, niobium at a temperature of, for example, 1100 ° C);
- Thermal conductivity and red-hardness: after heating to full red heat and subsequent cooling, tungsten does not lose strength;
- Maximum operating temperature: in an oxygen-free protective-reducing environment up to 2600 ° С.
Due to its exceptional refractory quality and the highest melting point of all metals and is therefore also suitable for very high-temperature applications. Low rates of electrical resistivity, thermal expansion, and electron emission make tungsten an indispensable structural material in the high-temperature region. It is also characterized by a uniquely low coefficient of thermal expansion and a very high level of dimensional stability. Tungsten is practically indestructible. In addition, tungsten products are used in extremely aggressive environments without the risk of their deformation or breakage.
Tungsten and alloys based on it are widely used for the manufacture of crucibles, screens, heaters, various products, parts of electric vacuum furnaces, as well as many other products operating in the field of high temperatures:
- As a fitting-out for high-temperature hydrogen and vacuum furnaces;
- For the manufacture of cathodes; as a basis for non-consumable welding electrodes;
- In the manufacture of glass (melting electrodes and tungsten mixers);
- For pressing hot metals;
- In the manufacture of heat-resistant rocket parts in the space industry;
- Like screens for attenuating the flow of radioactive radiation in nuclear power, etc.
Products made from tungsten alloys are characterized by durability, strength and high quality. Also, our company has developed a unique technology for the production of tungsten tooling by welding tungsten.
Tungsten crucibles
Due to the increased heat resistance and the unique refractoriness of tungsten, tungsten crucibles are used in furnaces operating in a vacuum or in a protective atmosphere.
Due to the increased heat resistance and the unique refractoriness of tungsten, tungsten crucibles are used in furnaces operating in a vacuum or in a protective atmosphere.A tungsten crucible is highly suitable for growing single crystals, (Equipment for growing single crystals on our website www.gkmp32.com) for melting, sintering and annealing powder materials, for smelting quartz, rare earth metals and refractory materials, for applying metal films in vacuum (in furnaces with a operating temperature above 2000 ° ).
Tungsten crucibles are widely used in metallurgy, metalworking, foundry and chemical industries, but they play a particularly important role in the growing of leucosapphire crystals: due to their high density and purity, the absence of internal cracks and an ideally smooth surface, a decisive influence on the qualitative growth of crystals.
The advantages of our tungsten crucibles,lies in the possibility of producing crucibles of any shape and size to order according to customer drawings: round, square, elliptical, V-shaped, with a lid, etc.
The price of a tungsten crucible consists of the features of the production of tungsten products, tungsten is very difficult to stand out in its pure form and is very moody during processing. Also, the price of a crucible depends on the parameters and complexity of the configuration and possible additional requirements for it.
In order to buy a tungsten crucible from our company, you need to send a working sketch of the future product to our email address: marketing@gkmp32.com
- High purity of tungsten - above 99.95%;
- High density - 18.2 g / cm3;
- Surface roughness - Rz 6.3 no more
The tungsten crucible is reliable and durable, has high strength and elasticity, can withstand prolonged exposure to high temperatures in vacuum and inert gases (up to 2600 ° C).
Standart crucible dimensions
| Diameter (mm) | Wall Thickness (mm) | Height (mm) |
| 30-50 | 8-10 | <1300 |
| 50-100 | 8-15 | |
| 100-150 | 10-15 | |
| 150-200 | 12-20 | |
| 200-300 | 15-20 | |
| 300-400 | 15-30 | |
| 400-450 | 15-30 | |
| 450-550 | 15-30 | |
| 550-650 | 25-35 | |
| 650-750 | 25-35 |
Tungsten melting crucibles are produced in different ways depending on the uses:
- Sintering from powder (used for crucibles of all shapes and sizes);
- Turning (complex machining of workpieces);
- Plasma sputtering.
Tungsten screens
Tungsten heat screens are products used to maximize the protection of various structures in operating conditions at extremely high temperatures.
Protective screens are tungsten sheets, riveted or solid. The blanks are inserted into each other, the space between the cylinders is filled with spacers of a special shape made of tungsten or molybdenum, or a combination thereof. The resulting design is subjected to high temperature processing. Such heat-resistant screens are characterized by high thermal stability, energy efficiency and maximum stability during operation.
Uses of tungsten screens:
Heat-resistant screens are used in vacuum and hydrogen furnaces, electrovacuum devices, to stabilize the temperature inside a single-crystal growing plant, when melting glass, etc.
|
Материал |
Density, g / cm3 |
Thermal conductivity, 25 ° CW/m • K |
The coefficient of thermal expansion, 25 ° C (10-6 / K) |
|
Tungsten |
19,3 |
167 |
4,67 |
The protective screen can be of any size and configuration, based on the scope of its intended uses.
Our company supplies heat-resistant screens according to customer drawings and taking into account his wishes.
Tungsten electric heaters
In the metallurgical industry, tungsten heating elements are considered to be the most suitable heating element for smelting metal.
In the metallurgical industry, tungsten heating elements are considered to be the most suitable heating element for smelting metal, with highest melting point and the lowest vapor pressure. Tungsten heaters are able to function efficiently at temperatures up to 3000 ° C, are practically not susceptible to oxidative reactions in high-temperature environments, have enormous heat resistance (resistance to physical damage during heating) and heat resistance (immunity to aggressive environmental media when heated). The shape and configuration of the tungsten heating element depends on its orientation.
Tungsten heaters also differ in the specifics of using (heater for high heating furnaces, glass melting heater, heaters for growing sapphire single crystals etc.)
A tungsten heating element is a heat source for a single crystal growth equipment. Due to its high melting point and corrosion resistance, tungsten heaters are key to crystal quality control.
Tungsten heater furnaces are used to implement hydrogen, vacuum, and induction technologies.
Among the undoubted advantages of tungsten heaters are high operating temperature (in comparison with composite materials), ability to maintain heat for a long time, lack of need for a long (in time) degassing. The maximum operating temperature of a tungsten heater directly depends on the thickness of the plates of its body and on the chemical composition of the working atmosphere of the furnace.
NPO GKMP LLC supplies custom designed heaters of various types for various working environments and applications. You can learn more and fill out an application by using our order form on the website or contact us at marketing@gkmp32.com.
Типы предлагаемых изделий по форме:
- Плоские
- Ленточные
- Спиральные
- Круглые
Плоские нагреватели обладают повышенным КПД, поэтому выполняют такие сложные задачи, как нагрев твердых поверхностей (мрамор, гранит и т.д.). Обогрев проводится при помощи резистивной проволоки.
Ленточные нагреватели–по сути, универсальные устройства, используются комплексно с плоскими поверхностями с высокой теплопроводностью. Обогрев проводится на основе контактного способа с максимальной мощностью до 9 Вт на 1 см.Спиральные нагреватели используются для качественного теплообмена в ограниченном пространстве.
Круглыми нагревателями часто заменяют стандартные нагревательные элементы для увеличения срока эксплуатации промышленного оборудования.
Возможна поставка вольфрамовых нагревателей любых размеров и комплектации, исходя из сферы их планируемого применения.
Tungsten metal ware, bolts, nuts
Our company offers a wide range of tungsten products. Products and parts made of tungsten and its alloys have proven in the process of long-term operation, primarily due to the characteristics of the metal itself.
Our company offers a wide range of tungsten products. Products and parts made of tungsten and its alloys have proven in the process of long-term operation, primarily due to the characteristics of the metal itself.
Tungsten products are characterized by:
- High thermal and heat stability;
- High temperature resistance;
- Wear resistance;
- Resistance to corrosion;
- Excellent indicators of thermal stability
We offer the smallest screw connections, nuts, bolts, screws, washers with preservation of all mechanical, physical and chemical properties of the metal or alloy. We can supply cylindrical tungsten rods of any configuration and other tungsten products to order.
We carry out complex mechanical (5-coordinate ) tungsten treatment.
You can send a drawing of your design or part to marketing@gkmp32.com, indicating your telephone number for operational communication.
|
Материал |
Плотность, г/см3 |
Теплопроводность, 25°С Вт/м•К |
Коэффициент термического расширения, 25°С (10-6/К) |
|
Вольфрам |
19,3 |
167 |
4,67 |
Поставляем под заказ шайбы, болты, метизы, гайки и прочие мельчайшие детали и изделия из вольфрама любого размера и конфигурации по чертежам Заказчика
Other technological jigs and toolings
We supply jigs and toolings for high-temperature processes.
We supply a variety of technological jigging for high-temperature processes.
In addition to crucibles for melting, heaters and other tungsten parts, we offer:
- Seed holders;
- Stands for crucibles;
- Roller racks, roller conveyors;
- Guide sheaves, shafts;
- Drawing dies;
- Baskets, trellises, pallets;
- Caps, muffles, retorts;
- Other products from various grades of structural steels.
We supply a wide range of technological jigging for thermal equipment made of tungsten of any configuration and size according to customer drawings.
|
Material |
Density, g/cm3 |
Thermal conductivity, 25 ° CW/m • K |
The coefficient of thermal expansion, 25 ° C (10-6/K) |
|
Tungsten |
19,3 |
167 |
4,67 |
Tungsten boats
Tungsten welding is carried out after preliminary heating of the metal to 500 °C, because at room temperature it becomes brittle. The ductility of welded joints increases after the additional heat treatment procedure.
Tungsten boats are widely used in metallurgy and industry, largely due to the properties of tungsten. Quite often they are used in complex plants (hydrogen, vacuum furnaces, annealing and reduction furnaces), in glass manufacturing processes, in the procedure of chemical reactions for the reduction of metal oxides, in crystal growth plants, etc. Depending on the purpose, the boats vary in configuration and performance variations. Tungsten boats are produced in different ways: by powder pressing, from tungsten sheets by bending and riveting, it is possible to use welding.
Advantages of tungsten boats:
- Heat resistance;
- High thermal creep resistance;
- High modulus of elasticity;
- Low coefficient of thermal expansion;
- Strength and durability;
- Corrosion resistance;
- Chemical inertness, resistance to aggressive reagents;
In connection with the development of new industries, the scope of using refractory metals and alloys based on them is expanding. However, their processing due to refractoriness and strength characteristics is very complex and time-consuming. Pressed alloys based on refractory metals are rather difficult to process.
The company has developed a unique technology for tungsten welding.
You can learn more and fill out an application by using our order form on the website or contact us at marketing@gkmp32.com
|
Material |
Density, g/cm3 |
Thermal conductivity, 25 ° CW/m • K |
The coefficient of thermal expansion, 25 ° C (10-6/K) |
|
Tungsten |
19,3 |
167 |
4,67 |
We supply custom designed tungsten boats (tungsten evaporators) of various sizes and configurations according to customer drawings.
Products made of tungsten-containing alloys
Products made of tungsten-containing alloys are widely used in many industries.
The main applications of products made of tungsten-containing alloys are determined by their basic properties. Due to the fact that tungsten alloys exhibit high levels of radiation protection due to their high density (tungsten alloys are at least 1.5 times heavier than lead), they are therefore deservedly considered the best material for protection against gamma rays in comparison with traditionally used lead, and also steel, water and cast iron. In addition, tungsten has a unique set of qualities and properties that allows it to be used in working with extremely high temperatures. Therefore, products from tungsten-containing alloys are widely used in many industries.
Properties:
- High density tungsten alloy;;
- High rates of radiation protection;
- High wear resistance;
- Heat resistance ;
- Lowest corrosion rate;
- Relatively reasonable price.
Application area:
- Details of radioactive logging tools;
- Storage tanks for radioactive substances;
- Protective screens;
- Collimators;
- Elements of non-destructive testing equipment;
- Dosimetric equipment and radiation monitoring equipment, etc.
The following alloys are most popular: tungsten-nickel-iron, tungsten-copper, tungsten carbide. Copper, nickel and iron in combination with tungsten increase the ductility of the material and its electrical conductivity, improve its workability.
Perhaps a different ratio of tungsten carbide and cobalt in accordance with the wishes of the Customer.
NPO GKMP LLC offers a number of products from hard tungsten-containing alloys: plates, couplings, shafts, etc., as well as thermocouple wire BP5 / BP20.
Tungsten-Copper
| Class |
Chemical composition (%) |
Density | Hardness | Electrical resistivity | Flexing strength | ||
|
Cu |
Impurities ≤ | W | g/cm3≥ | HB kgf/mm2 | µΩ.см ≤ | Мpа ≥ | |
|
W50/Cu50 |
50±2.0 |
0.5 |
Basis |
11.85 |
115 |
3.2 |
- |
|
W55/Cu45 |
45±2.0 |
0.5 |
Basis |
12.30 |
125 |
3.5 |
- |
| W60/Cu40 |
40±2.0 |
0.5 |
Basis |
12.75 |
140 |
3.7 |
- |
|
W65/Cu35 |
35±2.0 |
0.5 |
Basis |
13.30 |
155 |
3.9 |
- |
|
W70/Cu30 |
30±2.0 |
0.5 |
Basis |
13.80 |
175 |
4.1 |
790 |
|
W75/Cu25 |
25±2.0 |
0.5 |
Basis |
14.50 |
195 |
4.5 |
885 |
|
W80/Cu20 |
20±2.0 |
0.5 |
Basis |
15.15 |
220 |
5.0 |
980 |
|
W85/Cu15 |
15±2.0 |
0.5 |
Basis |
15.90 |
240 |
5.0 |
1080 |
|
W90/Cu10 |
10±2.0 |
0.5 |
Basis |
16.75 |
260 |
6.5 |
1160 |
Tungsten-Nickel-Iron
|
Chemical composition (%) |
Density | ||
|
W |
Ni |
Fe |
g/cm3 |
| 90 | 7 | 3 |
16.85-17.25 |
| 92.5 | 5.25 | 2.25 |
17.15-17.85 |
Wolfram carbide
|
Marking |
Density, g/cm3 |
Rugidity, HRA |
Flexing strength, MPа |
|
YG6X |
14.8-15.1 |
≥91 |
≥1420 |
|
YG6 |
14.7-15.1 |
≥89.5 |
≥1520 |
|
YG8 |
14.6-14.9 |
≥89 |
≥1470 |
|
YG8.2 |
14.4-15.0 |
≥88 |
≥1450 |
|
YG8L |
14.6-15.0 |
≥89 |
≥1450 |
|
YG15 |
13.9-14.2 |
≥86.5 |
≥2060 |
|
HK12 |
14.2-14.7 |
≥87.5 |
≥2100 |
|
KY10 |
14.1-14.5 |
≥87.5 |
≥2060 |
|
YG20 |
13.4-13.8 |
≥83.5 |
≥2480 |
|
YG20C |
13.4-13.8 |
≥82 |
≥2480 |
|
YG20D |
13.4-13.8 |
≥82 |
≥2300 |
|
YSN30 |
13.9-14.9 |
≥87 |
≥1900 |
Perhaps a different ratio of tungsten carbide and cobalt in accordance with the wishes of the Customer.
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